BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Sharafnameh is an important source in the history of the Kurds and the land of Kurdistan. Wiki is one of the most valuable sources in the study of the local history of Iran and the Ottoman Empire, especially in the tenth century. This work, in addition to narrating events, includes a wealth of information on the style of government, the tax system, the judiciary, and the geographical information of Kurdish sources. Our aim in this research, considering the value of this work and with the intention of recognizing and introducing it further, is to study its structure and content and to show its stylistic components. By describing and analyzing Sharafnameh in three levels: linguisticstructural, literary-artistic, aesthetic and content-intellectual, the author has tried to show the valuable and salient points of the work to the audience. METHODOLOGY: The research method in this article is descriptive, analytical and the information has been collected by searching library resources. The scope of the study is Sharafnameh book, in which many examples of stylistic and content characteristics based on inductive method have been mentioned. FINDINGS: The findings of the study indicate that Sharafnameh has the same characteristics of historical prose of the Safavid period and is considered as a legacy of the Timurid period, which is influenced by factors such as the spread of the Turkish language as a result of Turkish rulers and rulers and the influence of Shiite scholars in promoting The Arabic language, as well as being influenced by the cultural context of the Kurdish-speaking land, is rich in Turkish, Mongolian, Arabic, and possibly Kurdish or Kurdish-like words. CONCLUSION: One of the features of the prose of this book is the artistic use of rhetorical industries in the field of rhetorical and spiritual rhetoric, among which,Prostitution in the realm of novel rhetoric and intensive simile, allusion and irony in the realm of spiritual novelty are the most frequent literary arrays. Sharafnameh intellectually includes features such as,Elitism is a critical Shari'a and at the same time a praiseworthy approach to the Kurds. Other features of the prose of this book are etymology and repetition of synonyms. The author of the book, in the preface and all the chapters of the book, stretches the speech as much as he can with a concise prose, and when his intention is only to mention an event, his words are simply desired. Mirsharafuddin's pen is fluent and easy to understand, except in rare cases.

IDRIS BADLISI (856_ 926 A.H.) was a famous scribe, historian, and scientist of the ninth and early tenth Hegira centuries, contemporary with Sultan Ya'qoob Aq Quyunloo, Iranian Shah Esma'il Safavi, Sultan Bayazid II, the early government of Sultan Saleem I in the Ottoman Empire. His most important and renowned work is H, a book about the Ottoman history.Following the style and literature of works, such as Tarikh-e-Jahangosha by Atamalek joveini, Tarikh-e-Vassaf by Vassaf al-Hazara, Tarikh-e-Mo'eeni by Mo'een al-Din Yazdi, and Tarikh-e-Zafarnameh Teimoori by Mowlana Sharaf al-Din Ali Yazdi, Hasht Behesht has a technical and artificial prose. This work includes biographies of the first eight Ottoman kings, beginning with Othman Beig Ghazi and ending with Sultan Bayazid II and Yavooz Sultan saleem. The present article tries to introduce this work, its author, and a few manuscripts.

In this essay, the writer introduces the short explanation of Muhammad Ibne IDRIS Helli, the great Shia Scholar of the 6th century (A.H.) to the Sahifeh Sajjadia, as the first available literal explanation to that holy book. The said short explanation, has paid attention to the keywords in sahifeh.The writer has positively evaluated this short explanation, as a means to develop the further research and promotion of the Sahifeh.The biography of Ibne IDRIS, his traditional documents, the narrators who have quoted from his copy, the method of Ibne IDRIS in writing the above mentioned short explanation, etc. are given according to the unique available manuscript of this book. then the explanations about 2 prays of the Sahifeh are provided as Samples.

This research has been aimed to show the applied method of Ibn IDRIS (who influenced the Islamic jurisprudence – Fiqh). The way of the research is to analyze the contents of the influential book of Ibn IDRIS. The results show in his theoretical view, Quran (the Book), Sunnah (Traditions) and Ijma (Consensus) were based on Reason (Aql). This means all practical principles of Reason & Islamic law; jurisprudential rule; language principles and the Muslim Community methods (most of them were not common in his period) were of Reason (Rational Reason). He used Rational Reason in many cases which were Independent Reason (Aql) as the establishment of reason obligations; Reason as the exception to other three jurisprudential reasons; Reason as confirming other reasons; Reason as the establishment of general rules & principles and Reason as the practical principles.

Discussion of women and their rights was started in the late nineteenth and the early twentieth centuries, following the 1919 Revolution. The issue of women, who are emotionally the most beautiful and the most subtle element of the society, among all other matters relating to human and society, has always been associated with increasing complexity and has given a certain charm to literature. Youssef IDRIS is a great Egyptian novelist. Much of his writing is done in a fictional world with the three elements of God, sex and domination. The concept of “Woman” is close to reality in his novels, and it reveals a relatively realistic picture of her face. This study aims to analyze the picture and place of women in Yusuf IDRIS’s story by an analytical-descriptive method. The study focuses on the fact that the women are useful for Yusuf IDRIS innovation and, in most cases; they are accused or make mistakes in the stories. In other words, their face is quite negatively projected. Sometimes, they are portrayed by the face of the devil, which is unfaithful and villainous, atrocious and cruel, petty or contemptible or pitiable. However, by scrutinizing some of the stories, we find IDRIS believed that the cause of chaotic situations was the problems of the Egyptian society. This group of women is imaged by IDRIS as a doctor for community diseases. Certainly, there are learned and cultured women in Egyptian society as well.

"Sinai treaty" is a short story by contemporary Egyptian writer Yusuf IDRIS (1927-1991) which coincides with the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States. Such a heated political climate in story has a realistic form. Political conflict in "Sinai treaty" happens between Russian Mashnsky and American William in military garrison in Sinai, Egypt to set up American spare piece on the broken Russian military machine. This conflict finishes by Egyptian Mohieddin who managed to use spare parts to the amazement of two sides of the conflict. Hence, this paper studies the political conflict including verbal conflicts and immoral actions that the two sides used during the conflict. It includes political Fights and Debates or Competitions. The political competitions lead to no results or equal results. In this paper, the inability of the parties to resolve the conflict and the selfishness of the Russian side turns into verbal conflict. The conflict happens mainly due to Fights and the continual dissociation between the positions of Mashnsky and William. As the parties move closer to each other they begin short talks but soon the talks will end. Continuous political competitions give either no result (winning one side and losing the other) or a draw (winning and losing sides). Another outcome is that these competitions have no great and impressive gains for either side. Because the actual winner is the Egyptian Mohieddin, who boldly launches the broken machine in the negligence of the Russian and American workers. Thus, this political competition leads to the loss of both the Russians and the Americans and the only real winner in this battle is the Egyptian Mohieddin. Note that in this paper the subjects are reviewed using the descriptive and analytical method.

Ibn IDRIS was the only jurist of the sixth century who was able to pave the way for the presentation of new ideas and the evolution of Shiite jurisprudence by criticizing the views of his predecessors, especially Sheikh Tusi, and in the field of ijtihad and jurisprudence he chose principles that gave his jurisprudence a special character. The book Al-Sara'ir Al-Hawi li-Tahrir al-Fatawi contains his fatwas and jurisprudential theories, some of which are notorious and contrary to the famous theories, but some of which are his own. Since the purpose of this study is to investigate the basics of and reasons behind Ibn IDRIS's differing opinions, examples of these views such as prayer in two suspicious clothes, vague confession, execution of the permissible limit, etc. have been explored. The descriptive-analytical method explains the basics, documents and their cause. Belief in the unreliability of the individualized hadith is one of the most important principles of Ibn IDRIS, which on the one hand, due to his principles and on the other hand in terms of the temporal dimension of the evidence, has caused the actions of the people before him to be hidden from his vision. This has led to a lack of reliance on a large part of the hadiths of the infallibles, and as a result, the individuality and rarity of his views.

IDRIS Bitlisi was one of the Bureaucrats of the Aq Quyunlu’s curt who took refuge in the Ottoman Empire and in the court of Sultan Bayezid II after the Safavid rule came to power. He held important government official in the Ottoman Empire and left literary, historical, religious and even medical Books. One of the last ecclesiastical works was "Qanoon-e-Shahanshahi" in the ethics and customs of the Sultan, which he wrote for Sultan Selim. The "Qanoon-e-Shahanshahi" presented the requirements and functions of the Kingdom institution in Iran in the form of Gods gift and drew a favorable model of the Persian kings of justice and religion for the Ottoman sultan. The purpose of this article is to analyze the political thought of IDRIS Bitlisi and the influence of the tradition of writing Andarznameh with a focus on the Iranian Governmental model on the "Qanoon-e-Shahanshahi". Therefore, the present article is organized with an analytical approach and using the content analysis method based on these questions, from what ideas and sources IDRIS Bitlisi was influenced and how he proposed the model of Iranian Government in the "Qanoon-e-Shahanshahi". Findings show that Bitlisi has compiled the "Qanoon-e-Shahanshahi" in the context of the works of political ethics, but in terms of content and political thought by using the Andarznameh of predecessors such as the Siasatnameh and Nasihat-al-Muluk and the adaptation of thought Their political extension extended the tradition of writing Andarznameh on the axis of the Iranian Governmental model in the Ottoman Empire.

The term, Short Story, Novella in French, refers to short works in which the author illustrates the main character in a main event with the help of a systematic plan. Thus, it is the closest literary art to the zeitgeist. Short story, taking responsibility of long story, illustrates just one aspect of the character life or traits. The image of one of the human soul anxieties or his dreams, in a concise and quick form in line with the spirit of the era in which living becomes very complicated, makes the presence of short stories necessary. A new literary school, known as realism, emerged in the late eighteenth and early nineteen centuries in European literature in France. Because of its correspondence and being pleasant with the spirit of other nations’ people, this new school affected their literature very quickly. It happened in Iran and Egypt as well. Increased translation of western books and becoming familiar with European literature and culture resulted in the entry of this literary school into these two countries literatures. Afterwards, many of famous scholars including Yusuf IDRIS and Syyed Mohammad Ali Jamal Zadeh tended to the mentioned school. Due to the special conditions of their countries, which were under domination of ruthless and cruel humans, and the political suffocation existed all over the society, these two great authors, as the beginners of this school, were encouraged to portray the realities of their own societies according to the principles of realism. These common realistic contexts have expressed in short stories and even in their own anti-oppression and truth-seeking lives. Some of the most important results of the present study included: The analysis of realistic aspects in the works of the originators of short stories in Iran and Egypt, the exclusive role of short story in expressing realistic contents of the both authors, reflection of social events and oppression and despotism imposed on people. This paper has tried to comparatively analyze Iran and Egypt through criticizing common realistic contexts in the stories of these two famous writers in Iran and Egypt.

1. Introduction:After economic, diplomatic, and social developments of 20th century and world wars special 2nd one, existentialism was spread in the world. A lot of Arab literati trended to this philosophy after it entered contemporary Arabic literature. Suhayl IDRIS as one of the “most exciting and zealous Arab literati toward existentialism" (Safeen, 1987: 444) has tried to introduce the philosophy to Arab society. So this essay surveys the existentialism appearances in his most popular novel 'latin neighborhood' (al-Hayyo al-Latini).